Objective: To evaluate obstetric referrals to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and identify demographics, most frequent causes for referral and associated clinical outcomes.
Design: A retrospective cohort study of obstetric referrals to ICU at Mater Misericordiae Ltd. between 2010 – 2019; with comparison of trends over the last 25 years, comparing our dataset to two previous studies from the same institution (1994-1997 and 2007-2009).
Population: All females referred to ICU, either pregnant or within 6 weeks of childbirth
Methods: Three separate databases were searched and cross-referenced: 1.) Mater Campus-wide ICU discharge summary database, 2.) Mater Health patient information database, 3.) Australasian Outcomes Research Tool for Intensive Care Adult Patient Database (AORTIC database).
Outcome measures: Occurrence, indications, course, interventions and clinical outcomes of obstetric admissions; focusing on characteristics, demographics and temporal trends over the last more than 2 decades.
Results: We identified 1221 individual patients with 1260 patient separations (34 patients admitted more than once). Mean ICU length of stay was 30.2 hours (SD 21.0-44.5); median APACHE III score was 31 (IQR 24-40). Emergency admissions comprised of 88.3% of total. 88.7% of patients were admitted post-partum. One patient died while in ICU (overall ICU mortality 0.08%). 82.1% of patients had an obstetric diagnosis (most frequently hypertensive diseases of pregnancy – 38.7%, and obstetric haemorrhage – 31.9%). The proportion of patients of all ICU admissions, and of total obstetric admissions peaked between 2012-2014, and then steadily decreased. Of those admitted to ICU, the proportion of receiving an ICU intervention steadily decreased from 2011.
Conclusions: Maternal mortality is extremely low at our institution. There is a decrease over the years in the proportion of obstetric patients referred to ICU.